Chemical Equilibrium Cheat Sheet

The core ideas of Chemical Equilibrium distilled into a single, scannable reference — perfect for review or quick lookup.

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Quick Reference

Ratio of product to reactant concentrations at equilibrium, each raised to stoichiometric powers.

Equilibrium constant in partial pressures: Kp=Kc(RT)^(delta-n).

A system at equilibrium shifts to counteract a disturbance.

Initial-Change-Equilibrium table for calculating equilibrium concentrations.

Same form as K using current concentrations. Q<K: forward; Q>K: reverse.

Equilibrium constant for sparingly soluble salt dissolving.

Adding an ion already present decreases solubility.

Pure solids and liquids are omitted from K expressions.

Chemical Equilibrium:State where forward and reverse reaction rates are equal and concentrations remain constant.

Equilibrium Constant (Kc):Ratio of product to reactant molar concentrations at equilibrium, each raised to stoichiometric powers.

Kp:Equilibrium constant expressed in terms of partial pressures of gaseous species.

Le Chatelier Principle:System at equilibrium shifts to counteract an applied stress.

ICE Table:Initial-Change-Equilibrium table used to organize equilibrium calculations.

Reaction Quotient (Q):Expression identical to K but using current (non-equilibrium) concentrations.

Ksp (Solubility Product):Equilibrium constant for dissolution of a sparingly soluble ionic compound.

Common Ion Effect:Reduction in solubility caused by addition of a common ion to solution.

Heterogeneous Equilibrium:Equilibrium involving reactants and products in different phases.

Molar Solubility:Moles of solute dissolved per liter of saturated solution.

Dynamic Equilibrium:Equilibrium where forward and reverse reactions continue at equal rates.

Equilibrium Position:The set of equilibrium concentrations; shifts with conditions but K only changes with T.

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